Tiger pear cactus targeted in biological control operation

Sharp barbed spines can injure people and animals

Local landholders have welcomed a biological control operation by WaterNSW to tackle a harmful, invasive weed that blights farmland around Burrendong Dam in the State’s Central West.

The operation involves introducing a sap-sucking insect, cochineal (Dactylopius austrinus), to manage an invasive cactus species known as tiger pear (Opuntia aurantiaca), a South American native believed to have been introduced in the late 1800s.

“Tiger pear spines are strong enough to pierce heavy work boots and very difficult to extract,” WaterNSW Executive Manager Operations, Ronan Magaharan, said.

“The presence of tiger pear in large infestations poses a potential risk to campers, domestic animals and native fauna. The spines are not only painful, but are difficult to remove, and animals may get them stuck in their mouths in attempting to do so.”

The Central West is a hot spot for tiger pear, which is a low-spreading cactus with sharp, barbed spines that can injure people and animals, and in extreme cases render areas of farmland inaccessible.

WaterNSW, in collaboration with the Department of Primary Industry and Regional Development (DPIRD) Weeds Research Unit, and their biocontrol rearing facilities in Orange, released the tiger pear cochineal insect over 4,000 hectares of WaterNSW land around Burrendong Dam in November.

Tiger pear cactus
Tiger pear is a low-spreading cactus with sharp, barbed spines that can injure people and animals, and in extreme cases render areas of farmland unusable.
Farmer in blue shirt talking to media
Local landholder Dugald Campbell welcomed the WaterNSW biological control operation targeting the invasive tiger pear cactus on farmland around Burrendong Dam.

Local landholders welcome WaterNSW control operation

The three-day operation involved local landholders who lease WaterNSW land, along with weed control staff from neighbouring local councils.

Local landholder Dugald Campbell welcomed the WaterNSW initiative: “Hopefully what WaterNSW is doing now will reduce the spread of it. That’s what we’re pretty excited by.

“It’s starting to take country over that we cannot run any more. We can’t put sheep or cattle on. Cattle will kick it like a football, and then is starts to spread, and then we’ve basically lost that country.

“If we had to run our dogs through this country here, they’d stop. We wouldn’t be able to muster the sheep. It’s impossible to work,” Mr Campbell said.

Cochineal insects close-up
Tiger pear cladodes, or plant segments, infected with the sup-sucking insect cochineal and ready to be introduced into affected areas to control cactus infestation in an environmentally-friendly way.
Cochineal insects placed on tiger pear cactus
A WaterNSW worker places tiger pear cladodes infected with cochineal on to a tiger pear cactus near Burrendong Dam. This technique will control cactus infestations without using herbicides.

Cochineal insect an environmentally-friendly solution

The release of the tiger pear cochineal involves introducing tiger pear cladodes, or plant segments,  infected with cochineal into affected areas to manage the cactus infestation in an environmentally-friendly and self-sustaining manner, without using herbicides.

“As responsible land managers and good neighbours, WaterNSW is using biocontrol as an effective, low-cost environmentally-friendly tactic for weed control measures,” Mr Magaharan said.

“By using cochineal, we are not only reducing chemical use, but also working towards a long-term solution that benefits both the environment and the communities that rely on these landscapes.

“Biocontrol ensures sustainable management of tiger pear, allowing landholders to focus on other aspects of land productivity and reducing herbicide treatments to manage tiger pear.

“This collaboration with DPIRD’s Weeds Research Unit, and their biocontrol rearing facilities in Orange, demonstrates WaterNSW’s ongoing commitment to adopting research-backed, innovative solutions for weed control, working in conjunction with state partners to deliver results.”

Published date: 5 December 2024

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